Differences Between Oedipus And Hamlet - 982 Words

Considering King Oedipus’s self-inflicted blindness and Hamlet’s overwhelming thirst for his own stepfather’s blood, it seems that both men have lost their minds. However, these men are not truly mentally unhinged, but rather incredibly devoted to their religious ideals. Hamlet, a Catholic, believes that his actions will determine his afterlife; the way he acts, though crazy, is an attempt to please God and avoid eternal damnation. King Oedipus, a follower of Apollo and the Greek gods, acts irresponsibly and makes rash decisions because he believes that his fate is set in stone and that his actions, no matter how extreme, can not change his destiny. Hamlet and King Oedipus are similar in that their impractical actions and decisions stem†¦show more content†¦King Oedipus now knows that the gods are cursing Thebes because of his wrongdoings and is overwhelmed with the realization that the gods control everything. He is appalled that he was oblivious to thi s for so long and makes the rash decision to live in isolation, saying, â€Å"Let me live in the mountain which would have been my tomb so long ago.† In conclusion, Hamlets and King Oedipus’s firm religious beliefs are at the root of their crazy schemes and irrational decisions. While their religious beliefs cause both King Oedipus and Hamlet to go mad, their contrasting religious views on fate cause a variation in their actions. King Oedipus believes that the Greek gods are in control of his life and everything that comes after. Because of this belief, King Oedipus acts more carelessly and speaks impetuously, for he knows that nothing he does or says will change his standing with the gods. For example, upon discovering the truth about his childhood and his father’s death, King Oedipus blinds himself and asks, â€Å"Why should I see when vision shows me nothing sweet to see?† King Oedipus believes that he has no control over anything and that his destiny is damned by the gods, which is why he believes being able to see is pointless and acts so carelessly. Hamlet, on the other hand, believes that his standing with God can change and that his fate is not set in stone. Therefore,Show MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Oedipus The King And Hamlet887 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent between Oedipus the King and Hamlet. Oedipus the King was written by Sophocles in 430-425 BCE. Oedipus the King is about King Oedipus finding out his true origins and him fulfilling a prophecy. In order to save his Kingdom Oedipus has to find out who murdered the king before him. Looking for the murderer Oedipus begins to learn about his origins and true self. Hamlet on the other hand is about a Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, trying to avenge his fathers death. There are many differences betweenRead More Comparison of Oedipus and Hamlet Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesComparison of Oedipus and Hamlet Compare and contrast Oedipus and Hamlet. Is Oedipus more a man of action? Or is he more a man driven by whim and sudden, rash decisions? Which character is more selfless? Does Hamlet show any signs of selfish motives in his actions or inactions? Which protagonist seems more learned? wiser? more religious? more loving? more incestuous? Which seems to be a better murder investigator? Does Oedipus have any of Claudius motives when he kills the king, Laius? ThenRead MoreHamlet And Oedipus The King1544 Words   |  7 Pagesliterature, Hamlet and Oedipus the King. Oedipus the King was written by Sophocles and Hamlet was one of the famous dramas of Shakespeare. There were some similarities and several differences between the two tragedies. Although the plays were both set in different time periods, they had similar themes about fate and free will. Their plots were also analogous. However, the two main character had a major vital difference that Hamlet is a tragedy of inaction and Oedipus i s a tragedy of action. Hamlet and OedipusRead MoreHamlet vs. Oedipus1493 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet vs Oedipus Hamlet by William Shakespeare and Oedipus the King by Sophocles are both tragic stories which contain many elements of which are similar and different. Although both Hamlet and Oedipus suffer from fate, Hamlet’s father is murdered by his brother Claudius, while Oedipus kills his own father. Both Hamlet and Oedipus have the opportunity to shun their fate, but the two men believe themselves to be the only individual who can resolve the predicament which they are faced with. TheRead MoreHamlet As A Jealous Of Claudius1417 Words   |  6 PagesOn William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, after the assassination of his father, Hamlet thinks he is living in a world full of corruption and deceit, where everything is falling apart and everyone is against him. An imminent, exaggerated, and passionate love for his mother is his main feature. Although others argue that Hamlet’s obsession to murder Claudius is strictly to claim revenge for his father’s death, it is Hamletà ¢â‚¬â„¢s obsessive desire to possess his mother in an unhealthy and, perhaps incestuous,Read MoreThe Poetics of Oedipus and Dana Marschz1312 Words   |  6 Pages Creon, in Sophocles Oedipus the King, declares to Oedipus that his power ends; none of [his] power follows [him] through life. (Fagles, 652:1677-8) This edict communicates the transience of mortal abilities, and the hubris of those mortals. In the 2008 film Hamlet 2, Dana Marschz perceives himself as an excellent writer producing the work that will save Drama (Hamlet 2, 00:27:58-28:00), which the community loathes for its mediocrity rather than celebrates for its merits. Comparison of the twoRead MoreOedipus vs. Hamlet: a Character Comparison Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pagesother such errors in it. Oedipus vs. Hamlet: A Character Comparison After reading Sophocles Oedipus the King and Shakespeares Hamlet, it is quiet clear that Oedipus is by far the more admirable character of the two. Aside from Oedipus history and life experience, his superior character traits are also displayed in the way he handles several incidents throughout the play. One of the primary reasons Oedipus is more admirable than Hamlet is just their history. Oedipus is a king. He got thereRead More Comparing the Tragedies of Hamlet, Oedipus the King, and Death of a Salesman1023 Words   |  5 PagesComparing the Tragedies of Hamlet, Oedipus the King, and Death of a Salesman The tragedies Hamlet, Oedipus the King, and Death of a Salesman have strikingly different plots and characters; however, each play shares common elements in its resolution. The events in the plays’ closings derive from a tragic flaw possessed by the protagonist in each play. The downfall of each protagonist is caused by his inability to effectively cope with his tragic flaw. The various similarities in the closingRead MoreOedipus vs. Hamlet as Tragic Heroes1562 Words   |  7 PagesOedipus from the drama, â€Å"Oedipus the King† and Hamlet from, â€Å"Hamlet, Prince of Denmark† are two characters that are different, yet they both share the same title of being a tragic hero. Oedipus and Hamlet have many characteristics of a tragic hero that separates them in varieties. However, some of those characteristics show that both characters have and use similar thought processes and methods, which classify them as tragic heroes of their dramas. The five characteristi cs of a tragic hero are: nobilityRead MoreEssay on Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex1319 Words   |  6 Pages When examining Hamlet through the lens of the Oedipus complex, it is critical to first define and thoroughly explain the Oedipus complex, then to apply it to Hamlets relationships, before a final conclusion is reached. The Complexities of the Complex Before one can understand the Oedipus complex, one must understand Sigmund Freuds theory on infantile sexuality. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy points out that the roots of Freuds theory can be found

Business Regulation Law Free Essays

When conducting business whether it is local and global, big or small organizations have to abide by state and federal laws. Depending on the nature of the business different organization has to comply with certain laws and regulations. For example, retailers like Wal-Mart, Target and Kroger have to comply with the Department of Labor and a manufacturing company like LM Fiberglass and Toyota would have to comply with the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). We will write a custom essay sample on Business Regulation Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now When an organization do not comply with the state and federal regulation the company can face fines or become caught up in major litigation, costing the company major expenses. In this memo I will identify common tort and risk found in the organization of Alumina, and describe different measures to manage risk. Some common torts found at Alumina are negligence, defamation/slander/libel, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), and strict liability is tort liabilities uncovered. Alumina Violation Alumina is an aluminum maker base in the United States and has operation in eight countries. The aluminum maker is on Lake Dira in the state of Erehwon. Alumina is under the jurisdiction of region six under the Environmental Protection Agency. A few years ago Alumina was found in violation with the Environmental Protection Agency for environmental discharge norms in an Environmental Protection Agency compliance evaluation. The PAH levels were above prescribe limits. Alumina was order to clean up the problem in which they complied too quickly. Because of this incident Alumina has maintain a good compliance record. Recently a resident name Kelly Bates claims that Alumina continuous contamination of Lake Dira with pollutants. Bates threatens to file a suit against the company for punitive damages and recovery damages. She believes that the incident that occurred several years ago is the cause of her daughter’s leukemia. Tort Liability A tort is a â€Å"civil wrong that is an interference with someone’s person or property such that an injury results† (Jennings, 2006, p. 367). Torts can be categorized as intentional torts, torts of negligence, and strict liability torts. Intentional torts are those that result in a harm not accidental. Torts of negligence are accidental harms that result from a failure to act appropriately in a given situation. Strict liability torts assign absolute liability and offer very few defenses. Defamation of Character A company or a person reputation is a valuable asset. The tort of defamation of character requires that a plaintiff prove that: the defendant made an untrue statement about the plaintiff or the statement was intentionally published by a third party (Cheeseman, 2010). Written False statements are referred to as libel and verbal statement are referred to as slander. Bates made a libel statement in the newspaper about Alumina and the violation that occurred years ago. This defamation can have a negative effect on the company. Alumina can lose business with a bad reputation and once the reputation has gone sour it is hard to reclaim the good name. Freedom of Information Act A local news reporter and Kelly Bates approached the EPA to obtain environmental audit reports that documented Alumina violation of the Clean Water Act. Bates requested the documents under the Freedom of Information Act; this act was enacted in Congress in 1966 to the American public great access to the Federal Government records (Federal Communication Commission, 2010) . The Company chooses to release partial audit information from the violation from years ago. Alumina has the right to withhold informational this qualifies under the Confidential Business Information, which is available under exemption four of the Freedom of information Act. Strict liability Negligence and Strict liability Negligence, the most common tort, is explained as conduct that falls below standards of behavior established by the law for the protection others against unreasonable risk harm (Cheeseman, 2010). In this case of negligence Bates must prove that Alumina had a duty to keep the PAH levels contained. In a case Alumina breaches that duty by not staying in compliance with the EPA regulation several years ago. Bates assumes that the consumption of the water cause the harm of her daughter to have leukemia. In response Alumina chose to conduct an independent site study for new violations. The reports come back good the PAH levels were well below the standard. After releasing a partial audit report Bates has threaten to file a lawsuit against Alumina of personal injury to recover compensation and punitive damages. Alumina negligent conduct of â€Å"serious violation of environmental laws five years ago is the cause of her daughter leukemia,† alleged by Bates (Business Regulations Simulation, 2010). The best resolution for this situation is mediation by a neutral third party, by choosing this options Alumina can provide Bates with a confidential settlement. The settlement includes that Alumina provides Bates with reimbursement of medical expenses for her daughter treatment a lump sum for future treatments and a college fund set aside if her daughters recovers from the leukemia (Business Regulations Simulation, 2010). Although tort liability is founded on intended harm strict liability is attached even though the defendant has been reasonable. In the Article titled â€Å" The American Influence on Canadian Tort Law† author Allen M. Linden states â€Å" One person may be require to compensate another for injury or damages even though the loss was neither intentionally or negligently inflicted. If Alumina had taken the case to court, the company would have been in a long litigation process costing the company thousands and even millions of dollar. The mediation process is half the cost of a court trial and there is no guarantee that the jury would agree with Alumina even though the company may have had proof that the allegation against the company was false. The jury tends to side with the victims. Preventative, Detective, and Corrective Measures In an organization it will be hard to prevent allegation against the company, but the company needs to prepare for such issues when they arise. A preventative plan should be put into place. The company should make it a priority that the employees of the company aware of the rules and regulations of the state and federal laws. The company should be aware of the competitors who have violated any government regulations and improve their process so that the company will not violate the same regulations as the competition. Health risk that may be exposes to the staff, customers, and other should be included in the document also. Conclusion Alumina has to abide by state and federal rules these laws are in place to improve environmental safety. The agency that regulates Alumina was the Environmental Protection Agency this agency enforces environmental laws. Alumina has to be aware and comply with the state and federal regulations at all-time or it can affect the business a great deal. Maintaining a positive image in the community is also important when a crisis occurs the support of the community can be a big help in determine issues. The decision mage by Alumina were wise, the company took the right approach to maintain its good name in the community and the competitive market and save cost on litigation. 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Don Quixote Critique Essay Research Paper Don free essay sample

Don Quixote Critique Essay, Research Paper Don Quixote Miguel de Cervantes Saaverda 1st erectile dysfunction. 1605 Don Quixote, written around four hundred old ages ago, has endured the trial of clip to go one of the universe s finest illustrations of literature ; one of the first true novels of all time written. It s uncommonness prevarications in the fact that it encompasses many different facets of composing that spans the spectrum. From blithe, amusing exchanges between Don Quixote and Sancho Panza to descriptions so strong that produce touchable images, the book remains firm in any reader s head. As apparent in the first chapter, the book s chief intent was to battle the knightly novels that had become so popular at the clip of Cervantes. Like the adult male who one time called himself Alonso Quixano, many other work forces of 16th century Spain were going so engrossed in the unrealistic narratives of knights and their love affairs that day-to-day jobs fell prey to another love affair novel. We will write a custom essay sample on Don Quixote Critique Essay Research Paper Don or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was Cervantes purpose to convey the significance back into literature at the clip, while supplying thoughtful amusement for readers. This proved to be suiting to the clip in which Cervantes lived, for at the clip he wrote Don Quixote, the aureate age of Spain was worsening, along with the humanistic disciplines that had long been celebrated in the state s civilization. The narratives that this book combats are perfect illustrations of this diminution, much like the dark ages of the fourteenth century. Don Quixote is considered a profound portrayal of two conflicting attitudes toward the universe: idealism and pragmatism. The work has been appreciated as a sarcasm on unrealistic ideals, an exhibition of the calamity and injury of idealism in a corrupt universe, and a supplication for a return to world. Whatever its intended accent, the work presented to the universe an unforgettable description of the transforming power of semblance, and it has had an unerasable consequence on the development of the European novel. The manner in which Don Quixote is written non in standard novel format, but comes into a much more alone visible radiation. The book begins with a foreword, which, for Cervantes, proved to be the most hard portion of the book. Where Cervantes bestowed some clip in composing the book, yet it cost me non half so much labour as this really foreword. This job becomes a narrative within itself, where Cervantes asks a friend for aid in composing the foreword, depicting the narrative within what he is really composing. His statement is so convincing, Cervantes changes the format of his novel and writes it as small narratives within a larger one. Although small is known about Cervantes young person, his captivation and survey of literature began where in 1569 at age 22, he traveled to Italy and surveies authoritative literature under the service of a central. These surveies proved to hold influenced his plants later in life. Other than this one twelvemonth of survey, Cervantes is non known to hold any other direct survey of composing. In 1570, Cervantes enlisted in the ground forces where he suffered a lesion to his left arm while in a naval conflict. The balance of his life was spent as a slave and a captive, finally being ransomed at a monetary value that left him and his household penniless. After functioning as a authorities buying agent until 1597, he began composing novels and verse forms until his decease in 1616. Don Quixote is an challenging book that provides a firsthand expression at 16th Century Spain and its ruins. The fresh serves as constructive unfavorable judgment in the manner that it condones some parts of life, but shames others. It read rapidly, ever showing different struggles and narratives, which kept my attending on the narrative. It was written in a prosaic mode, non to sound like a kids s book, but instead so wholly could read and bask the narrative. Don Quixote will go on to be an original for modern novels, every bit good as an challenging expression at 16th Century Spain for many centuries to come.

Regression in Operation Management

Definition: Regression is one of the methods used in business forecasting. The regression analysis is based on developing a definite model with the help of which it is possible to forecast the changes in revenues. The conclusions are made with references to the relationship reflected in the developed statistical model which is the result of the regression analysis. The statistical model depends on the correlation between a single dependent variable and independent variables (Collier Evans, 2011, p. 223).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Regression in Operation Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Regression models can be simple linear and multiple linear. Simple regression models examine the value of time to forecast the possible costs or revenues. Thus, simple linear regression is based on finding the correlation between two different variables with the help of the method of least squares (Collier Evans, 2011, p. 224). If the primary variable of a simple linear regression model is time, a multiple linear regression model depends on using several independent variables. Role: Regression analysis is actively used in business forecasting to develop the necessary strategies to predict and regulate costs and revenues. It is essential for the manager to analyze to forecast the numbers for the next year and prepare a budget (Collier Evans, 2011, p. 224). It is sufficient to use a simple linear model as well as a multiple regression model, but the infinite regression guarantees more accurate forecasting and more realistic data because of using more than one causal variable (Collier Evans, 2011, p. 225). Thus, managers can use the regression model not only to examine the correlation of time and costs but also examine the dependence between time, price, and expenses. Applicability: It is possible to state that McDonald’s also uses the regression analysis to forecast further revenues to plan the budget and strategy for the next year. The focus on the mathematical relationship between variables is a rather easy way to examine the current tendency and predict further changes because the regression analysis provides information about demands. According to annual reports, McDonald’s usually examines the correlation between the variables and demand to identify the relationship between these variables and determine the causes which affect the development of the tendency and the current numbers to forecast the changes and possible connections in the future. To save the leading position in the world as the successful company in the sphere of quick service restaurants, McDonald’s should regularly examine the past tendencies and relationships between the variables to predict the future results (Collier Evans, 2011, p. 78-79).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Lear n More For instance, according to the annual report of 2011, the company’s revenues increased 12% with 8% in constant currencies, and standard operating income increased 14% with 10% in constant currencies (McDonald’s Corporation: Annual Report 2011, 2012, p. 11). The annual report also provides the numbers concerning all the spheres of the company’s financial development. The conclusions about the revenues are made with references to the graphs in which the regression models are used. These regression models can be also successfully used to predict the possible numbers for the next year, and the outlook for the year of 2012 provided by the managers and economists of McDonald’s is based on the conclusions made with references to the forecasting methods. From this point, regression models (simple linear or multiple models) are essential to examine the changes in revenues from year to year to make the necessary predictions about the further growth or decl ine in revenues with references to the crucial variables. Thus, McDonald’s, as any other company, uses such forecasting methods as regression to control the situation and make different financial predictions. References Collier, D. A., Evans, J. R. (2011). OM 3. USA: Cengage Learning.  McDonald’s Corporation: Annual Report 2011. (2012). Retrieved from https://corporate.mcdonalds.com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/Investors%202012/2011%20Annual%20Report%20Final.pdf This essay on Regression in Operation Management was written and submitted by user Amani Gaines to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Top 5 part-time jobs for seniors who are retired and need some extra cash

Top 5 part-time jobs for seniors who are retired and need some extra cash If you’re part of the Baby Boomer generation, you’ve probably been around the block, career-wise. You may be retiring from your long-term career, or find yourself looking for a change of pace for the next phase of your work life. As you hit a certain age, people may expect you to slow down and retire, but if you’re not ready for that (either financially or personally), there are lots of great part-time jobs for seniors. These opportunities can help you redefine what â€Å"retirement age† really means. Part-time jobs can be ideal for working seniors. The schedule is flexible, and you can build skills and experience without committing to a full-time gig. It’s especially ideal for retirees looking to add extra income without going back to the full-time grind, allowing you to balance work with outside interests, social time, and personal needs.Let’s take a closer look at some of the best part-time opportunities out there for Boomers.Seasonal Reta il AssociateThis is the classic part-time job. Stores frequently hire part-time associates to pitch in during particularly busy seasons, like the holidays. And it’s not just Christmas shopping; you may also see opportunities in spring and summer at home improvement stores or garden centers. If you have a green thumb and a pleasant customer-service mindset, then that can be a good option for you. Seasonal retail associates typically help with the day-to-day operations of the store: stocking shelves, assisting customers, acting as cashier, taking inventory, and other in-store tasks as needed.What you’ll need: Retail experience helps, but isn’t always necessary; most stores will provide on-site training. Strong customer service skills are a must, and good organization and math skills are very helpful as well.What it pays: According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, retail sales associates make a median salary of $11.01 per hour. This can vary depending on exp erience level.Rideshare DriverIt may be time to get in on the â€Å"gig economy† trend if you’re looking for a part-time job with flexibility and control over your own hours. If you’ve got a valid driver’s license and a car in good shape, you may be able to drive for companies like Uber and Lyft. Drivers have total control over when they’re on the clock, so it’s a flexible option for your preferred schedule. And if you’re interested in night owl work, you can make solid money with late-night fares- especially if you live near a city or other area with a strong nightlife scene.What you’ll need: A valid driver’s license, a car that can pass a rigorous vehicle inspection, and a clean driving record. Most companies require their drivers pass a comprehensive background screening as well.What it pays: The median national hourly rate for rideshare drivers is $19.04, but drivers can make $30-40 an hour, plus tips, depending on h ow many fares they’re picking up. It can also vary according to your location.Teacher Assistant/ParaprofessionalThese educational professionals work in the classroom alongside teachers, helping students and teachers with day-to-day activities. Unlike standard teaching, teacher assistants (also known as paraprofessionals) may work on a part-time basis, coming into the classroom for a few hours per day or a few days per week. These professionals can be found in schools at every level: daycare, elementary, middle, and high schools. Their tasks can include managing classroom behavior or activities; helping teachers grade student work or plan lessons; preparing classroom equipment or technology; tutoring students who need extra help; taking attendance; assisting students who have special needs; or monitoring students during activities or lunch.What you’ll need: Teacher assistants typically don’t need a four-year degree, but an associate’s degree or background in education certainly helps. Strong organizational skills, good communication skills (both written and verbal), teaching skills, and kid-friendliness are all assets in this field. Most states also require some form of certification for paraprofessionals, including passing a standardized exam, so be sure to confirm what your state or school district requires.What it pays: According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, paraprofessionals earn a median salary of $25,410 per year. This can vary according to location, and paraprofessionals who are multilingual, or who specialize in areas like special needs or special education, tend to be in high demand.Substitute TeacherIf you’ve got a background in education or subject matter expertise, then becoming a substitute teacher can be a good part-time option. Substitute teachers step in when the regular teacher is out and maintain order and progress in a particular classroom. Substitute teachers may be short-term (covering a teacher ’s sick day) or long-term (covering, say, a teacher’s maternity leave or other longer absence), and assignments are typically accepted at the discretion of the sub. So if you’re looking for a job with flexible daytime hours (and summers off), it may be a great choice.Substitute teacher duties typically include teaching lessons or managing activities as outlined by the full-time teacher; developing lesson plans for longer-term assignments; managing student behavior in the classroom and ensuring schedules stay on track; or participating in other school activities as needed, like cafeteria monitoring, bus monitoring, before- or after-school care, etc.What you’ll need: Requirements can really vary by state, town, school district, and even school, so it’s essential to be familiar with the needs and rules of your target school/location. Some states require substitute teachers to hold specific teacher certification and a four-year degree, while others sim ply require a high school diploma. Skill-wise, you’ll need strong teaching skills, good organizational/management skills, and a good amount of flexibility.What it pays: According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for substitute teachers is $30,900, or $14.86 per hour. This can vary depending on the substitute teacher’s experience, as well as the state and type of school.InternUsually when we think of interns, we think of eager young students or recent grads, trying to get a foothold in the industry where they want to build their careers. But there’s actually a growing trend where older employees are turning to internships to either change careers, or get back into the workplace. These â€Å"relaunch† internships are a way for companies to engage with a huge potential pool of employees, and a chance for people of any age to build skills and experience, or transition to a new job.According to U.S. News and World Report, these internships can be especially well-suited for post-retirees or other employees who may not need full benefits or are willing to accept a junior-level salary compared to what they may have been making before.What you’ll need: It helps to have some knowledge of the company or field you’re entering, but an internship is all about building experience from the ground up, so it’s important to have a strong base of skills like organization and communication. A willingness to learn and adapt is essential, and you should also be willing to accept junior employee status.What it pays: Internships can vary widely by industry, ranging from unpaid internships to stipends or entry-level salaries.Baby Boomers and Seniors have always been the trendsetters, so it makes sense that would continue in the employment world even after they’ve passed into the traditional retirement zone. Your career path is yours to seize at any age, so if you’re looking for non-full-time opportunities, there’s likely something to meet your financial needs, scheduling needs, and interests.

The Probability of Rolling a Yahtzee

The Probability of Rolling a Yahtzee Yahtzee is a dice game involving a combination of chance and strategy. A player begins their turn by rolling five dice. After this roll, the player may decide to re-roll any number of the dice. At most, there are a total of three rolls for each turn. Following these three rolls, the result of the dice is entered onto a score sheet. This score sheet contains different categories, such as a full house or large straight.  Each of the categories is satisfied with different combinations of dice. The most difficult category to fill-in is that of a Yahtzee. A Yahtzee occurs when a player rolls five of the same number. Just how unlikely is a Yahtzee? This is a problem that is much more complicated than finding probabilities for two or even three dice. The main reason is that there are many ways to obtain five matching dice during three rolls. We can calculate the probability of rolling a Yahtzee by using the combinatorics formula for combinations, and by breaking the problem into several mutually exclusive cases. One Roll The easiest case to consider is obtaining a Yahtzee immediately on the first roll. We will first look at the probability of rolling a particular Yahtzee of five twos, and then easily extend this to the probability of any Yahtzee. The probability of rolling a two is 1/6, and the outcome of each die is independent of the rest. Thus the probability of rolling five twos is (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) 1/7776. The probability of rolling five of a kind of any other number is also 1/7776. Since there are a total of six different numbers on a die, we multiply the above probability by 6. This means that the probability of a Yahtzee on the first roll is 6 x 1/7776 1/1296 0.08 percent. Two Rolls If we roll anything other than five of a kind of the first roll, we will have to re-roll some of our dice to try to get a Yahtzee. Suppose that our first roll has four of a kind. we would re-roll the one die that doesn’t match and then get a Yahtzee on this second roll. The probability of rolling a total of five twos in this way is found as follows: On the first roll, we have four twos. Since there is a probability 1/6 of rolling a two, and 5/6 of not rolling a two, we multiply (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (1/6) x (5/6) 5/7776.Any of the five dice rolled could be the non-two. We use our combination formula for C(5, 1) 5 to count how many ways we can roll four twos and something that is not a two.We multiply and see that the probability of rolling exactly four twos on the first roll is 25/7776.On the second roll, we need to calculate the probability of rolling one two. This is 1/6. Thus the probability of rolling a Yahtzee of twos in the above way is (25/7776) x (1/6) 25/46656. To find the probability of rolling any Yahtzee in this way is found by multiplying the above probability by 6 because there are six different numbers on a die. This gives a probability of 6 x 25/46656 0.32 percent. But this is not the only way to roll a Yahtzee with two rolls. All of the following probabilities are found in much the same way as above: We could roll three of a kind, and then two dice that match on our second roll. The probability of this is 6 x C(5 ,3) x (25/7776) x (1/36) 0.54 percent.We could roll a matching pair, and on our second roll three dice that match. The probability of this is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x (1/216) 0.36 percent.We could roll five different dice, save one die from our first roll, then roll four dice that match on the second roll. The probability of this is (6!/7776) x (1/1296) 0.01 percent. The above cases are mutually exclusive. This means that to calculate the probability of rolling a Yahtzee in two rolls, we add the above probabilities together and we have is approximately 1.23 percent. Three Rolls For the most complicated situation yet, we will now examine the case where we use all three of our rolls to obtain a Yahtzee. We could do this in several ways and must account for all of them. The probabilities of these possibilities are calculated below: The probability of rolling four of a kind, then nothing, then matching the last die on the last roll is 6 x C(5, 4) x (5/7776) x (5/6) x (1/6) 0.27 percent.The probability of rolling three of a kind, then nothing, then matching with the correct pair on the last roll is 6 x C(5, 3) x (25/7776) x (25/36) x (1/36) 0.37 percent.The probability of rolling a matching pair, then nothing, then matching with the correct three of a kind on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x (125/216) x (1/216) 0.21 percent.The probability of rolling a single die, then nothing matching this, then matching with the correct four of a kind on the third roll is (6!/7776) x (625/1296) x (1/1296) 0.003 percent.The probability of rolling three of a kind, matching an additional die on the next roll, followed by matching the fifth die on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 3) x (25/7776) x C(2, 1) x (5/36) x (1/6) 0.89 percent.The probability of rolling a pair, matching an additional pair on the next roll, followe d by matching the fifth die on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x C(3, 2) x (5/216) x (1/6) 0.89 percent. The probability of rolling a pair, matching an additional die on the next roll, followed by matching the last two dice on the third roll is 6 x C(5, 2) x (100/7776) x C(3, 1) x (25/216) x (1/36) 0.74 percent.The probability of rolling one of a kind, another die to match it on the second roll, and then a three of a kind on the third roll is (6!/7776) x C(4, 1) x (100/1296) x (1/216) 0.01 percent.The probability of rolling one of a kind, a three of a kind to match on the second roll, followed by a match on the third roll is (6!/7776) x C(4, 3) x (5/1296) x (1/6) 0.02 percent.The probability of rolling one of a kind, a pair to match it on the second roll, and then another pair to match on the third roll is (6!/7776) x C(4, 2) x (25/1296) x (1/36) 0.03 percent. We add all of the above probabilities together to determine the probability of rolling a Yahtzee in three rolls of the dice. This probability is 3.43 percent. Total Probability The probability of a Yahtzee in one roll is 0.08 percent, the probability of a Yahtzee in two rolls is 1.23 percent and the probability of a Yahtzee in three rolls is 3.43 percent. Since each of these are mutually exclusive, we add the probabilities together. This means that the probability of obtaining a Yahtzee in a given turn is approximately 4.74 percent. To put this into perspective, since 1/21 is approximately 4.74 percent, by chance alone a player should expect a Yahtzee once every 21 turns. In practice, it may take longer as an initial pair may be discarded to roll for something else, such as a straight.

Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Politics - Essay Example World has been changing enormously hardly looking at damage it is been doing to the environment. The ecological balance of the planet has been destructed greatly due to the industrial waste and carbon emission from transport system. The first world countries have polluted the planet deeply and it is ironical that the same countries encourage third world countries to cut down on pollution. Some have even criticized that sustainable development is provoking the world to step back to pre modern style of living. â€Å"Sustainable Development is often an over-used word, but goes to the heart of tackling a number of inter-related global issues such as poverty, inequality, hunger and environmental degradation† (Shah, 2010).This idea arose from various movement for protecting the nature and environment from the past. This concept gives different meaning to different people and we can see that lot of countries have various policies which encourage environmental sustainability. The sustainable development has been given more importance since the emergence of global warming issue which has threatened the world lately. Global warming has been a phenomenon which has raised much eye brows in recent years. It is an increase in the planets temperature since 20th century and its continuation. The increase of Greenhouse gas has led to the detoriation of the ozone layer .Scientist have found out that the carbon emission have led to the creation of hole in the ozone layer. â€Å"Under the George W. Bush administration, the USA government framed climate change as a threat to core economic interests, questioning the scientific basis for limiting CO2 emissions. Many political leaders in Washington agreed with this†(Humphreys,Pg. 44).Even though a very positive vibe can be seen among governments little is seen towards the practice. Coal and oil usage have made difficult for the US economy to cut the carbon emission. If the rich and

Civil Rights Movement, Martin Luther King Jr's powerful Speech Essay

Civil Rights Movement, Martin Luther King Jr's powerful Speech - Essay Example This gave the black people of America the courage to stand up for themselves and to do what is right. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. lit a fire in the hearts and souls of those people and it gave many of them the hope that they needed to continue to find equality. While he had a dream, he needed to use his speech to encourage others to also envision the goals he had and to not give up. His speech was powerful, had a motive and was memorable. It also became a major piece in history in the civil rights movement for black people, giving the people the same belief he had that they would one day become liberated from the injustices that black people in America were facing. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote this speech with the intention to inspire people within his own specific race though it could be applied to other non-Caucasians to seek the same rights. He had a motive to inspire and provide courage to the people for whom he was representing to hop on the bandwagon and no longer be suppr essed by the laws that were wrongly enforced against those people of race. His powerful remarks in his â€Å"I have a dream,† speech were meant to give these people something to look forward to from the perspective that what he was doing would encourage others to also fight with him to take a stand on civil rights. He had an image of what he wanted to see done in America, he let his listeners know what that vision was and he gave the truth all within a short speech that he probably had no idea would change the course of history forever. To write this speech and then to deliver it with such intensity was what helped gain the numbers of people that he knew would help his race on their fight toward equal rights. It was not just the language but the way he said the words with such passion that would create this difference. Dr. King even started his message talking about how things were in the present day, how they had been and how they should be in accordance with civil rights an d the same rights for Negros as white people. He knew when he first began his speech, addressing his crowd with the information that he knew would be one of the greatest demonstrations ever and knowing that it would in some ways be historical. According to writer Amy Tan, she discusses in her â€Å"Mother Tongue† essay that language can be powerful. In some ways, when she delivered a speech, she found herself using monumental style phrases as well and they could be interpreted in many different ways. The phrases were not simple, using English dialect that she had learned in her English classes. She found that when she was talking to her own mother, she was using a different style of language to speak to her mother. Her family was of Asian descent and her mother spoke in incomplete sentences and broken English. These sentences were short and to the point and uses dialect that Tan calls â€Å"expressive command.† Tan grew up with her mother’s style of speaking and though many of Tan’s own friends could not understand what her mother was saying, Tan did (Tan, 77-78). King, to get his message out, had to speak in ways that did use words creatively. His speech is almost poetic. Others needed to understand what he was

Black People and Perfect Shape Essay Example for Free

Black People and Perfect Shape Essay In the short stories of â€Å"Why Looks Are the Last Bastion of Discrimination† and â€Å"The â€Å"Black Table† Is Still There† there are many differences from both stories. Both stories talk about the different sizes, shapes, color, and how people are being racist. The first story â€Å"Why Looks Are the Last Bastion of Discrimination. † They first talked about how in the 1994 in Texas they did not want an obese lady to be a bus driver because of how big she looked. The company doctor stated that she was not up to the task because he said she was â€Å"waddling down the hall† (Rhode). All though he did not even perform any agility test on her to even see if she would be able to evacuate the bus in case of any emergency and get the kids off the bus in time. That was similar to the second story whereas in 1995 he was surprised when he walked into the cafeteria and noticed that they had a â€Å"black† table. He thought after this long that he would never run into something like that again. He never understood the â€Å"black† table â€Å"what did it mean? † (Rhodes) He never took the chance to sit there because he always thought if he would sit there that would be making a statement of â€Å"I was afraid that by sitting at the table I’d lose all my white friends† (Rhodes). They were discriminating against the â€Å"black† men because he would not sit at the â€Å"black table† as what they would call it. This man just refused to be labeled and would not sit at this table and he would always into the cafeteria with â€Å"white† people. Segregated was something that he never understood as a kid and he was very shocked when he went into the junior high after twenty-seven years to still see that there was a black table. In the first story they had a case in 2006 in New, Jersey where a cocktail waitress had gained some weight. They never thought anything about it just that she was getting fat and that was not a good look for their waitresses. In the contract it even stated to keep ‘an hourglass figure† that was â€Å"height and weight appropriate† (Rhodes). When she went to order a larger shirt they denied her because they said their waitresses do not go up on size unless they have had breast implants. They unfairly discriminated this young lady because she was not â€Å"the perfect shape and size†. Actually what is the perfect shape and size in society? Is anybody really the â€Å"perfect† size or is everybody their own shape. In the second story they were very racist because nobody cared to segregate and change how everybody sat in the cafeteria. Everybody always assumed that he should sit at the â€Å"black† table but he refused to sit there. Graham always wondered why they would all segregate themselves like that but he noticed when he went back to the junior high twenty-seven years later he noticed that now it was not just the blacks that were segregated; the athletes, Italian, kids that were into heavy medal and smoked pot also all had their table that they called their own. In the first story they also discriminated in 2001 to Jennifer Portnick when they denied he of being an aerobics instructor because her â€Å"image† did not look like she was fit since she weighed 240 pounds. Come to find out Jessica was very fit and toned â€Å"she would work out six days a week, taught back-to-back classes, and had no shortage of willing students† (Rhodes). It is really sad that this has gotten a lot worse since 2001. People do not get the chance at certain because they are overweight or because of their appearance. In this time we should not be having the entire discrimination because of size, shape, or even race. According to the first story we still have a lot of these things going on and with Rhode he was shocked that he still saw the â€Å"black† table in the junior high twenty-seven years later. Why would people separate themselves? That is a question that will never have an answer because it is something that is still going on in this day. If discrimination was taught to us to be so wrong why would we want to keep this going? Should this not be a cycle that we want to stop and teach our kids something different about this? Discrimination will probably be something that we deal with forever even though it is not good.

Utilitarianism :: Philosophy essays

Utilitarianism    This was written in responce to the following questions:    What is the principle of utility? Do you regard it as an adequate basis for judging the progress of society or the desirability of different social institutions? What are its virtues and limitations? How would a utilitarian aproach to judging society differ from a more traditional moral approach?    The principle of utility was Jeremy Bentham's idea on how society progresses through maintaining the greatest happiness / good for the greatest number of people. The ideology utilitarianism, was later formed by John Mill who offered the phrase and an explanation with regards to its moral implications. It sounds logical for a society to want the greatest happiness or good for itself. In general we regard individuals who are well (cultured) and who do not do (bad things) to be happy and we respect them for it. However, that depends on what we see (cultured) and (bad things) to mean.    We have already seen that the idea of what is morally correct and the notions of what is (more morally correct) are philosophical, sociological and theological problems that almost every philosopher has tried to answer; and all come up with varying responses. Everyone sees murder as being wrong and as being an act that could not bring happiness or good. However, this does not account for those who like to kill. They are part of society, so does their happiness not matter? Now if you had a population of murderers or even people who did not necessarily kill but liked seeing others kill/killed (maybe on TV or the movies), does their happiness still show a society of progress? I would hope not. To this Mill would say that I was probably right, but that people would not choose to live like that. Instead they would opt for a moral happiness. They would look for the (higher) levels of happiness like knowledge and culture. I would then reply that he has either left our human nature or his timeline for people moving towards a (higher) level of happiness is insane.    I do believe that utilitarianism is the means by which we live; in general people do whatever they want as long as it brings them happiness (at least what they think is happiness). The fact is that we cannot truly equate happiness to being (good) so we cannot use it as means of judging progress.

The film ‘11th Hour’

The film ‘11th Hour’ features many well-established scientists and public figures, such as Mikhail Gorbachev, Stephen Hawking, James Woolsey, Wangari Maathai, William McDonough, and others. All of them offer their own perception on the nature and causes of global warming, deforestation, raising see levels, species extinction, and other environmental problems that plague our planet today. Mikhail Gorbachev advances the argument that our thinking about the environment is the root cause of the imminent crisis.He argues that it was a fatal mistake to think that man is the king of nature. Indeed, our disconnection from the nature resulted in the great degree of alienation and ignorance. While human species is an inherent part of the Earth’s global ecosystems, men prefer to view themselves as ‘outsiders,’ superior to other species. Such approach brought about the overexploitation of the Earth’s resources and considerable environmental damage.Similar approach is taken by David Suzuki: he strongly deems that the framing of environmental discourse is done incorrectly. The mankind should arrive at understanding of itself as an integral part of the ecosystem; in other words, humans are also an element of nature, just like earth, air, fire and water. Paul Hawken also supports this notion by claiming that the living system should be perceived as a complex integral organization. While it is currently in decline, the very existence of the human race on this planet is under threat.Herman Daly, an influential scientist on both environmental and economic field, believes that the root cause of environmental problems is associated with the fact that the economic system should be viewed as a subsystem of biosphere, thus the expansion of economic system should be limited by the natural capabilities of the biosphere. Lester Brown supports Herman Daly by claiming that the economy expanded beyond the ability of the planet to sustain economic acti vity on such a scale, and the indirect cost of production in the form of damage to nature are too high.The film persuasively argues that both individuals and corporations can make a considerable contribution to stopping (or at least slowing down) the degradation of the environment. In fact, many individuals seldom realize how their consumption patters are contributing to the aggravation of the situation. The culture of consumerism that constitutes the underlying philosophy of the West fuels unnecessary overproduction: reconsidering one’s consumption pattern can be the first step on the long way of saving the Earth.Such an approach implies not only reduction in consumption of non-essential goods and services but also buying from companies that are known to use environmentally-benign technologies in the process of production. Switching to less environmentally damaging types of transport (such as a bike or public transport instead of a private car) is another manifestation of co nscientious attitude. Economical usage is energy is another little earth saving project susceptible of being exercised at the personal level.It is also possible to engage in environmental activism and help raise awareness of the acute challenges faced by the mankind. Finally, every person can apply his or her professional skills to building more sustainable relations between the humanity and ecosystem, whether this person is a designer or CEO. Industries, in turn, can embrace environmentalism by implementing ‘green technologies’ into the production process.Also, firms should invest more into R&D with a view to mastering technologies that can make the current situation more sustainable, e. . carbon-neutral city and self-sustaining houses. Companies should also switch to renewable energy sources, since the overdependency on the fossil fuels is one of the greatest problems the humanity confronts. There is little consensus within both academic and lay circles as to whether the nature is able to cope with the environmental problems itself. In my opinion, ecosystems have a great potential of restoring the state of natural balance; however, the devastating influence of the humankind has significantly undermined this ability.At the dawn of the 21st century, environmental problems are looming large, and many processes are already irreversible. For instance, species that became extinct due to man’s activity could have been essential elements of certain food chains and habitants. The frequency of large-scale natural calamities, especially in the places that have been for a long time considered relatively safe, is a telling manifestation of the inability of nature to sustain its balanced state.Yet the film argues that today is exactly the day when the humanity can redeem its attitude to nature and prevent a global catastrophe. Therefore, the need for a different approach to the relations between the mankind and environment is necessary. It is imperativ e to carry on conservation and purification activities coupled with a persistent effort by both businesses and individuals to reduce (and, under the dream scenario, to stop) their environmentally damaging activities.

How the Concentration Affects the Rate of the Reaction

Title Page Number Diagram of Apparatus Introduction Risk Assessment ` Table of Results Line of Best Fit Graph Error Bars Graph Gradients Graph Analysis †¢ Error Bars Analysis Evaluation †¢ Improvement Assessment †¢ Improved Experiment. †¢ Reliability References Introduction: For this data analysis project, I conducted and experiment to investigate how the concentration of an acid affects the rate of the reaction.I have set up the experiment’s equipment as shown on figure 1. As you can see by figure 1, I have used the reaction between sodium thisoulphate solution and hydrochloric acid (HCL) to come up with results that will help me draw conclusions regarding the effects of the concentration of the acid. I decided to use this particular reaction due to the fact that the product of the reaction between sodium thisoulphate and hydrochloric acid (HCL) is precipitates of sulphur which tend to turn the solution cloudy.As a result, the cross beneath the conical fla sk (see figure 1) would disappear/ become difficult to be seen when the reaction has taken place. Therefore, the idea is that 50 cm? of sodium thisoulphate are made to react with 5 cm? of hydrochloric acid that is of different concentration each time. The concentrations of hydrochloric acid used varied from 0. 1 to 5 moles. Afterwards, the cross is observed through the top of the conical flask until it because invisible. The time of which this happens is then recorded and monitored using a stopwatch.The symbol equation of this reaction is as follows: The above symbol equation shows the reaction: Sodium thisoulphate reacts with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride, water, precipitate of sulphur as well as sulphur dioxide. The results that I recorded from this experiment were poor. This is because they were not entirely accurate and did not make sense. As a result, my teacher gave me a different set of results that were recorded at different temperatures to analyse and help me wr ite up.The table of results (table 2), shows the results obtained at 3 different trials of the same experiment. The reason behind repeating the experiment 3 times is to ensure that the result’s reliability is of a satisfactory level. After the experiment was conducted, I looked back at the equipment I used as well as the steps I carried out during the process. I did so to recognize the risks associated with carrying out such experiments. To prevent or minimize such risks in future experiments, I conducted a risk assessment that is shown on the following page: Risk Assessment Risk |Damage |Prevention Method | |Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) |Hydrochloric acid is corrosive. |Eye protection must be worn at all times during | | |Therefore it can damage skin. |the experiment. | | |It can also damage eyes. |Ensure it does not come into contact with skin | | | |and if it does rinse thoroughly. |Conical Flask (glass) |Can roll down the bench |Make sure apparatus made of glass are not | | |B roken glass can cut/damage skin. |chipped. | | | |Wear gloves if possible | | | |Be careful when handling glass. | | | | | | | | |Sodium Thisoulphate |Inhalation may cause irritation and coughing. |Avoid contact with eyes and skin. | | |Skin and eye contact might cause irritation and |Do not inhale on purpose. | |damage | | |Paper |1. A risk of a paper cut is possible. |1. Careful while handling paper and if paper cut| | | |occurs rinse and do not come in contact with | | | |hydrochloric acid. Risk Assessment (Table 2) Analysis: Outliers: Table 2 summarises the results of this experiment. As you can see, a couple of outliers have occurred during the experiment. I decided that a difference of more than 30 seconds between a result and the others obtained from repeating the same experiment indicates that this result is an outlier. Therefore the two outliers are ringed on table 2, so that they are made clear. For instance, the results recorded for the third experiment using 0. 1 moles c oncentrated hydrochloric acid is 583 seconds.This is clearly an outlier due to the fact that the other results are 683 and 626 seconds, making the result of 583 seconds clearly distant and therefore is classed as an anomaly. Another outlier that has occurred is the result for the 3rd trial using 4. 0 moles hydrochloric acid. Here the outlier is 132 seconds, while the other trials show results that vary from 160 to 165 seconds. Graph Analysis: The first graph (figure 2) states the averages of the recordings. I have used a line of best fit on this graph to identify the trends between the results.Firstly, the graph shows overall that the experiment has gone as expected. This is because it looks very similar to the graph in the chemistry text book as well as ones found on the internet. The general trend that is shown by this experiment (as seen on figure 2) is that as the concentration of the hydrochloric acid increase, the rate of the reaction also increases, as the reaction takes less time to take place. Therefore, the experiment shows that the concentration of the acid is directly proportional to the rate of the reaction. From 0. to 0. 5 Moles: As you can see by figure 2, when 0. 1 moles of hydrochloric acid were used, the reaction was at its slowest, taking 656 seconds to take place. From 0. 1 to 0. 5 moles, the rate of the reaction increased significantly with the reaction only taking around half the time: 379 seconds to take place. At the start, the line of best fit has a gradient of 0. 000152 moles per second (m/s). I worked this out using the equation x/y = 0. 1/656 = 0. 000152 m/s. At 0. 5 moles, the gradient of the graph increases rapidly to 0. 00132 m/s.This calculation reinforces that the reaction is at its slowest at the beginning with the sulphur precipitate taking the least amount of time to cloud the solution and causing the cross to become invisibile. This is because a low concentration of hydrochloric acid means that not as much molecules are ava ilable to collide, making molecular collision much less likely (). From 0. 5 to 1 Moles: From 0. 5 to 1 moles, the time taken for the reaction to take place decreases further as the rate of the reaction increases. Therefore the precipitate of sulphur is taking less time to form ().The gradient of the graph also increases as a result to 0. 00357 m/s. I have worked this out using the same equation as above: x/y= 1/280. This indicates that the rate of the reaction keeps on increasing as the concentration of the hydrochloric acid increases. From 1 to 2 Moles: By increasing the concentration of the acid from 1 to 2 moles, the rate of the reaction kept on increasing by taking less time for the reaction to occur. This is again shown by the line of best fit on figure 2, which at this point in the graph has a gradient of 0. 0913 m/s (x/y = 2/219), which is nearly triple the gradient stated previously. The rate of the reaction is a measure of how quickly this reaction is taking place. As you can see by the negative correlation between the time and the molarity of the acid shown on figure 2, the rate of the reaction keeps on increasing as the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is increasing. This result is supported by the collision theory. This theory indicates that for a reaction to occur, the particles or molecules must collide with each other to form a reaction.Infact, they need to collide hard enough for the reaction to become a successful one as well, since only a certain fraction of the total collisions actually result in a chemical change (). When those successful collisions occur, they have enough activation energy to break existing bonds and form new bonds, resulting in a chemical reaction and a new product being formed (). Increasing the concentration of a solution means increasing the amount of molecules that are available in that solution.Therefore, increasing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid from 1 to 2 moles is increasing the amount of molecu les in the acid that would be available to collide and cause a reaction. Therefore, this means that there would be more particles per dm?. The fact that more particles are available explains why the rate of the reaction becomes faster. This is because the more particles there are, the more successful molecular collision would be happening, which increases the rate of which the reaction occurs. This aspect of the collision theory is illustrated by the diagram below:The Collision Theory (figure 5) (). As you can see by the diagram above, the amount of collisions happening per second is a major factor that determines how quickly or slowly the rate of the reaction goes. Therefore a high concentration increases the chances of collisions and consequently results in an increase in the rate of the reaction. From 2 to 4 Moles: When increasing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid again from 2 to 4 moles, the trend still obeys the collision theory as far as the increase in the rate of th e reaction is concerned.This is reinforced by the dramatic gradient increase to 0. 025 m/s (x/y = 4/163), which is shown by figure 2 as well as 4. According to the collision theory, it is expected that when the concentration of the hydrochloric acid doubles, the rate of the reaction will tend to double as a result too. On the other hand this does not seem to be the case in this experiment, since the time take for the reaction to take place when 2 moles hydrochloric acid was used is 219 seconds, while it is 163 seconds when 4 moles hydrochloric acid is used.This indicates that the reaction happening at this experiment was not a perfect one. This could be as a result of human error or other factors affecting the rate of the reaction, which will be discussed later. From 4 to 5 Moles: Finally, by increasing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid used from 4 to 5 moles, the rate of the reaction was increased to become at its highest during this experiment, with the steepest gradient of 0. 035 m/s (x/y = 5/141).This implies that the amount of successful molecular collisions here are the highest with the sulphur precipitate clouding the solution in the quickest rate of time (141 seconds). Thus, the cross disappeared at the quickest rate as well. Error Bars Analysis: The second graph (figure 3) is a graph of error bars. Error bars show the range of results. I have drawn this graph since it is a visual account of the experiment’s reliability and so, it would help me decide whether the experiment was accurate enough or not. As you can see, the size of the error ars on figure 3 varies from small to large ones. I have decided that a bar range of 5 small squares on the graph is a reasonable maximum to detect the experiments accuracy. So, any range bars that vary above 5 small squares show inaccurate set of results. The error bars drawn on figure 3 show that the results obtained from 0. 1 to 0. 5 moles are rather inaccurate. This is because the error bars illustr ated for those set of results are relatively big, showing a difference of from 6 to 10 small squares. This implies that those results with big error bars are quite poor and lack accuracy.However, the rest of the experiments show relatively small error bars. In addition, the error bars seem to be getting smaller and smaller with a bar range that varies below 5 or 4 small squares. This proves that the results keep getting more and more accurate towards the end of the experiment which makes. Overall I believe that the results of this experiment are 71% accurate. This is because 5 out of 7 of the error bars had a small range, leaving 2 out of 7 of the error bars with rather big range bars. Evaluation:

Soul Music As A Vehicle Of Social Expression Essays - Free Essays

Soul Music As A Vehicle Of Social Expression Essays - Free Essays Soul Music As A Vehicle Of Social Expression Music is the most powerful vehicle of human expression. As the embodiment of love, disapproval, happiness, experience life, music speaks to us, because it comes from us. Each people, in each paradine of the human experience instinctively and systematically change the music of the past to represent the realities of the present. In this century, black music, more specifically Soul music, has been that music that has brought to plain view that which evidences our humanity hope, hurt, joy and passion in such a way that the world has no other choice than to feel its power and marvel in its brilliance. When one discusses the relationship between Soul music and the civil rights movement, it becomes a dialouge very akin to that of the chicken and the egg. The period of Classic Soul is that period primarily, but not exclusively referenced as the 1950s, 60s and 70s (Stephenson 186). This is the time frame of the American Civil Rights Movement, and the impact of the massive changes going on, are reflected in the music and the culture. So one would be correct in both assuming that the Civil Rights Movement gave rise to Soul music, as much Soul music contributed to the success of the campaign for civil rights. Soul music during its heyday, did more than simply entertain. For a race of people it served as a source of motivation, strength and education, for a people immersed in turmoil and tragedy. The institution of segregation had effectively inhibited the general populaces awareness of the great achievements and contributions made by African-americans throughout the history of the United States (Franklin 429). Inasmuch, Soul music sought to bring that undersight to light. Soul songs like Donny Hathaways To Be Young, Gifted and Black, was revolutionary, in that they sought to instill pride of ones history, but at the same time motivate a new generation to reach new heights. As Hathaway says, We must begin to tell our young, Dont you know that there is a whole world waiting for you?, he is calling for the teaching of black pride to the youth, which was a wide spread trend in black communities of the 60s and 70s (Hathaway). James Browns Say It Loud, Im Black and Im Proud, became an anthem fo r the movement (Brown). The songs lyrics like, .Dont quit moving, until we get what we deservewed rather die on our feet, than keep living on our knees, were words of inspiration for those involved in the struggle for equality. Whereas the predominant theme of rhythm and blues was love and other kind of human relationships, soul singers voiced concern about the social injustice, racial pride, black militancy, and forms of protest (Southern 517). Eileen Southerns statement on Soul music greatly describes the type of works produced by Hathaway and Brown at the time, yet was definetly not exclusive to these two artists. The period wherein Soul intertwined with the Civil Rights Movement, produced music greatly influenced by the environment in which its creators lived. Donny Hathaways, Ghetto, and Marvin Gayes Inner City Blues (Makes Me Wanna Holler), speak of the harshness of life in the Inner City (Hathaway/Gaye). Societal ills and political unrest were a major theme of Soul music, and Marvin Gayes work, almost more than any other artist, was demonstrative of this fact. Gayes album Whats Goin On, was his commentary on the social problems of the period, and through its success tremendously impacted the increasing social awareness. Despair within the black community was given voice in Gayes Inner City Blues. Inflation, taxes, unemployment and police brutality were numbered among the themes addressed in the song. The sense of hopelesness of the piece can best be conveyed in the line saying, this life aint worth the living.makes me wanna holler, throw up both my hands!(Gaye). Save the Children goes on to ask: Who is willing to try and save a world that is destined to die?, yet goes on to say live life for the childrenlets save the children (Gaye). So, even in the midst of great despair, Gaye, and other artist of his genre, did believe in the possibility of change. Ball of

How Electoral Votes Are Awarded - A Complicated Process

How Electoral Votes Are Awarded - A Complicated Process There are 538 electoral votes up for grabs in every presidential election, but the process of determining how  electoral votes are awarded is one of the most complicated and widely misunderstood facets of   American presidential elections. Heres the thing you should know: The U.S. Constitution created the Electoral College, but the Founding Fathers had fairly little to say about how electoral votes are awarded  by each of the states. Here are some common questions and answers about how states allocate electoral votes in presidential contests. How Many Electoral Votes Are Needed to Win an Election There are 538 electors in the Electoral College. To become president, a candidate must win a simple majority of the electors, or 270, in the general election. Electors are important people in each major political party who are chosen by voters to represent them in the selection of a president. Voters dont actually vote directly for the president; they choose electors to vote on their behalf. States are allotted a number of electors based on their population and number of congressional districts. The larger a states population, the more electors it is allocated. For example, California is the most populous state with about 38 million residents. It also holds the most electors at 55. Wyoming, on the other hand, is the least populous state with fewer than 600,000 residents. As such, it holds only three electors. How Electoral Votes Are Distributed States determine on their own how to distribute the electoral votes that have been allocated to them. Most states award all of their electoral votes to the presidential candidate who wins the popular vote in the state. This method of awarding electoral votes is commonly known as winner-take-all. So even if a presidential candidate wins 51 percent of the popular vote in a winner-take-all state, he is awarded 100 percent of the electoral votes. Exceptions to Electoral Vote Distribution   48 of the 50 U.S. states and Washington, D.C., award all of their electoral votes to the winner of the popular vote there. Only two states award their electoral votes in a different manner. They are Nebraska and Maine. These states allocate their electoral votes by congressional district. In other words, instead of distributing all of its electoral votes to the candidate who wins the statewide popular vote, Nebraska and Maine awards an electoral vote to the winner of each congressional district. The winner of the statewide vote gets two additional electoral votes. This method is called the Congressional District Method; Maine has used it since 1972 and Nebraska has used it since 1996. The Constitution and Vote Distribution While the U.S. Constitution requires states to appoint electors, the document is silent on how they actually award votes in presidential elections. There have been numerous proposals to circumvent the winner-take-all method of awarding electoral votes. The Constitution leaves the matter of electoral-vote distribution up to the states, stating only that: Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress. The key phrase pertaining to the distribution of electoral votes is obvious: ... in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that the states role in awarding electoral votes is supreme. Electors and Delegates Electors are not the same as delegates. Electors are part of the mechanism that chooses a president. Delegates, on the other hand, distributed by the parties during the primaries and serve to nominate candidates to run in the general election.    Delegates are people who attend political conventions to choose the party nominees. Controversy Over Electoral Vote Distribution Former Vice President Al Gore has expressed concern about the way most states award electoral votes. He and a growing number of Americans support the National Popular Vote initiative. States that enter the compact agree to award their electoral votes to the candidate who receives the most popular votes in all 50 states and Washington, D.C. Electoral College Ties The 1800 election  exposed a major flaw in the countrys new constitution. At the time, presidents and vice presidents did not run separately; the highest vote-getter became president, and the second-highest vote-getter was elected vice president. The first Electoral College tie was between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr, his running mate in the election. Both men won 73 electoral votes. Electoral College Alternatives There are other ways, yes, but they are untested. So its unclear whether theyd work better than the Electoral College. One of them is called the National Popular vote plan; under it, states would  cast all of their electoral votes for the presidential candidate winning the nationwide popular vote.  The Electoral College would no longer be necessary.

Supply chain Theory of Zara fashion retail shop Essay

Supply chain Theory of Zara fashion retail shop - Essay Example As regards its overall operations, production in a global apparel chain is claimed to be highly fragmented, as large-cross border flows of apparel is used to ensure cheap labor and inputs (Ghemawat & Nueno, 2006). In this regard, about 30% of global apparel production is concentrated in developing countries. Proximity is therefore taken into consideration when determining the firm’s production hubs in order to reduce shipping costs and lags. Playing a crucial role in managing steady production are trading companies that orchestrate the physical flows of apparel from factories in exporting countries to retailers in importing countries. Aside from this, the increasing number of retailers (primarily in the U.S. and E.U.) has increased the demand for cheaper labor in these developing countries. It has also promoted a system called quick response (QR) which is targeted to â€Å"improving coordination between retailing and manufacturing as it helps retailers reduce forecast errors and inventory risks by planning assortments closer to the selling season, probing the market, placing smaller initial orders and reordering more frequently† (Ghemawat & Nueno, 2006, p. 2). II. ... hat merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in order to minimize system-wide costs while satisfying service level requirements† (Rogers, 2001, p. 1). Another definition describes supply chain management as the working together of â€Å"inter-connected participating companies that add value to a stream of transformed inputs from their source of origin to the end products or services that are demanded by the designated end-consumers† (Lu, 2011). Some significant conceptual implications can be drawn from these two related definitions. For one, supply chain management takes into consideration every activity that has an impact on production cost and consumer’s product acceptability: from procurement of raw materials to its distribution and sales models. Secondly, supply chain management is aimed at making internal activities efficient and cost-effective (while being able to deliver its intended val ue to the customers). Lastly, the integrative approach to handling supply chain entails the combination of strategic, tactical, and operational decision-making. In this light, it can be said that the emergence of supply chain management has been brought about by industrial trends and socio-political happenings. As opined by Croxton et. al. (2001) â€Å"streamlining cross-company processes is the next great frontier for reducing costs, enhancing quality, and speeding operations. It is where this decade’s productivity wars will be fought. The victors will be those companies that are able to take a new approach to business, working closely with partners to design and manage processes that extend across traditional corporate boundaries. They will be the ones that make the leap from efficiency to super